Why the myth of sunnishia conflict defines middle east. How much do you know about the difference between sunnis. The 2016 conference on sunni islam in grozny was convened to define the term ahl alsunnah wa aljamaah, i. War between iran and saudi arabia or between the sunni and shia sects of islam, more widely benefits no one, and is thus unlikely, excepting the case of. It could have been contained if the disastrous invasion of iraq had not happened.
It would have been forgotten if the masses that poured into the. Is the unity between the sunni and shia muslims possible. The beheading of a spiritual leader by riyadh has unleashed a torrent of anger from tehran and brought the two nations to the edge of open conflict. Jul 28, 2016 the only way to reduce the scale of devastation and bring a gradual end to the sunni shiite civil war in iraq is to entice the sunni communities inside and outside mosul to join the fight.
I decided to write a comprehensive answer because i think it is a very complicated issue that needs a thorough consideration. We could be witnessing the beginning of that war at this present time. Iraq may have actually transcended the sunni shia paradigm in a way that will seem. Islams first century and the origins of the sunni shia split. The seemingly internal conflict in syria has become the wars central front. Saddam hussein recklessly destroyed that coalition by invading kuwait in 1990. Amman message international islamic unity conference iran al azhar shia fatwa a common word between us and you list of asharis and. Feb 27, 2016 a sunni islam group in the uk has been accused of trying to whip up sectarian animosity against shia muslims in the wake of tensions over the execution of the respected shia cleric, sheikh nimr al. The mayor of the town was among those killed in the explosion, he succumbed to his wounds in a hospital. During the iraqiran war, the baathists relied on a coalition based on arab nationalism and sunni panislamism, which allowed them to isolate the iranians. The 1979 islamic revolution in iran initially put shia iran and sunni saudi arabia at odds with one another, but events surrounding the iraniraq war created the foundation for ongoing sectarian conflict in the region.
Affairs in the middle east are accelerating back to the old normal. May 07, 2017 why the myth of sunnishia conflict defines middle east policy and why it shouldnt. Washingtons sunni myth and the civil wars in syria and iraq. Nothing has helped make the sunni shia narrative stick on a popular level more than the images of assad with iranian help butchering sunnis in syria. Reconstruction was set back in 2006 when hezbollah and israel fought in lebanon. Sectarianism did not start the war, but it has now taken on a power of its own. From the conflicts in iraq and syria to the tension between iran and saudi arabia, the struggle between sunni and shia groups for hegemony is tearing apart the region and shows no signs of abating. Twelver shia is the largest branch of shia islam, with 2012 estimates saying that 85% of shias were twelvers. How much do you know about the difference between sunnis and shiites. It is, for example, the basis for the great hostility between saudi arabia and iran. The seemingly internal conflict in syria has become the war s central front.
Generational dynamics predicts that in the approaching clash of civilizations world war, the axis of china, pakistan, and the sunni muslim countries will be. A middle east sunni and shia war endtime ministries end. A us strategy and saudi illusion back in february, irans president, mahmoud ahmadinejad, claimed that the united states and israel were deliberately stirring sectarian conflict between shia and sunni in order to exploit all muslims. Estimates of the size of the two largest religious groups in pakistan vary. This game tells you the difference between shiite and sunni islam. Sunnishia war published january 5, 2016 by osama hajjaj. Turkey, syria, iraq, and iran against the sunni nations. The most recent explosion of the shiites sunni enmity was in the eight year long iraniraq war. The iraniraq war was a sunni shiites war in disguise. The sixth seal of gods judgment in revelation chapter 9 identifies a 200,000,000 man army that kills one third of men. This video is part of the council on foreign relations infoguide presentation, the sunnishia divide.
It is, therefore, one of the causes of civil war in iraq and syria can be explained under the pretext of sectarianism between shia and sunni factions in both states. The cold war between saudi arabia and iran thats tearing apart the middle east, explained the supposedly ancient sunni shia divide is in fact very modern and its not really about religion. Whats really driving the sunnishia divide in the middle east. Shahid javed burki, as a former minister of pakistan, i would have expected a more profound commentary on the sunni shia schism. In june 2014 large parts of iraq fell to isis insurgents, and shortly after the terrorist groups announced a new khilafa.
Does it really matter what happened 1400 years ago. The islam versus islam conflict is so ancient and the topic so overworn that anybody, who feels compelled to write something about it, needs to seek a new perspective on the issue. The continuing conflagrations following the mislabeled arab spring, increasingly shaped by this ancient sunnishia tension, are set to rage on indefinitely. Members of shia militias, who the iraqi government has included among its state forces, abducted and killed scores of sunni residents in a central iraq town and demolished sunni. Defeating isis and ending the sunnishiite war in iraq. And the syrian armed forces are still majority sunni. The saudi execution of a shia cleric has deepened islams. The continuing conflagrations following the mislabeled arab spring, increasingly shaped by this ancient sunni shia tension, are set to rage on indefinitely. Jan 05, 2017 amnesty international has today released a scathing report on irresponsible international arms transfers fuelling war crimes perpetrated by armed shia militias primarily against the sunni arab c.
What are the differences between shia and sunni muslims. Premium times november 3, 2016 the sunni shia divide. Shia sunni a truetube ctvc film directed by adam tyler bafta nominated, short educational film exploring the religious differences and commonalities between two sects in islam. To explain whats going on, the new york times provided a primer on the difference between sunni and shiite islam. How sunnishia sectarianism is poisoning yemen carnegie. The shia muslims of iraq are arabicspeaking majority group, which is comprised of 60%65% of the iraqi population. Today, the war continues to have a lasting impact on the sunni shia divide across iran, iraq, and the greater middle east. Thus, while saudi arabia sides with the sunnis in bahrain, iraq, syria, etc. What is the difference between sunnis and shias the hindu.
A cleric revered as an ayatollah in his native iran, alnimr was a shia muslim who had long railed against the royal family in the sunni majority kingdom. To put the rise of the shia into context, it was sunni muslims and not shias who were tortured by us occupying forces in the bagram and abu ghraib. Sunni shia friction has a long history but took its most vicious form after the overthrow of the shah by ayatollah khomeini in 1979 and the creation of a revolutionary. The territory it controls at this point in the war and at all points past is majority sunni. And despite stiff resistance and the potential for infighting among the antiisil coalition. The assad regime is made up of alawite muslims, who actually celebrate christians. The headline on this article was amended on 11 january 2016. Jan 22, 2016 the war for islam amid a roiling middle east, iran and saudi arabia are fanning the fires of sectarianism and playing politics in a zerosum proxy war of religious fervor. Since the iraq war, sectarian conflict between shiites and sunnis has emerged as a major fissure in middle east. Meanwhile, the rest of us can take pleasure in hazletons vigorously drawn characters, her lucid storytelling, and her enthralling, imaginative grasp of the roots and consequences of the sunnishia divide. What is the likelihood of an all out war between sunnis.
An example of an early shiasunni fitna shootout occurred in kurram, one of the tribal agencies of the northwest pakistan, where the pushtun population was split between sunnis and shia. The 2016 conference on sunni islam in grozny was convened to define the term ahl. An example of an early shia sunni fitna shootout occurred in kurram, one of the tribal agencies of the northwest pakistan, where the pushtun population was split between sunnis and shia. The conference evoked a torrent of condemnation and criticism followed from the. The issue has, of course, a transnational dimension, too. The conference was held in the chechen republic capital of grozny from 2527 august 2016, sponsored by the president of chechnya, ramzan kadyrov, and attended by approximately 200 muslim. Israeli and syrian occupations followed for the next two decades. One map that explains the dangerous saudiiranian conflict. Jonathan raban, author of my holy war and surveillance a new masterpiece. Nov 24, 2016 does it really matter what happened 1400 years ago.
The iraq war and the syrian conflict, neither of which was sectarian in its beginning, intensified this minor tension. Shia islam is based on the prophets hadith ghadir khumm. Jun 02, 20 nothing has helped make the sunnishia narrative stick on a popular level more than the images of assad with iranian help butchering sunnis in syria. Shias say the prophets cousin and soninlaw, ali, was his. According to library of congress, pew research center, oxford university, the cia factbook and other experts, adherents of shi a islam in pakistan make up between 1520% of the countrys total population. Shia and sunni islam are the two major denominations of islam. Sectarian conflict is becoming entrenched in a growing number of muslim countries and is threatening to fracture iraq and syria.
On sunday, officials said four shias in a village west of cairo were beaten to death. Saudi arabias execution of shia cleric sheikh nimr alnimr could escalate tensions in the muslim world even further. Sunnishiite violence flares in mideast in wake of syria war. What is the difference between sunni and shia muslims. Jan 09, 2016 the beheading of a spiritual leader by riyadh has unleashed a torrent of anger from tehran and brought the two nations to the edge of open conflict. Tied by history and intrigue to other parts of the middle east. It appears that the middle east could be facing a full war between sunni muslims and shia muslims. Sunnis and shiites praying together on sunday in beirut, lebanon, in protest of. The saudi execution of a shia cleric has deepened islams sectarian. When fatimah a shia muslim stops to help abubakr a sunni muslim recover from his asthma attack, they get talking. Political instability in iraq global conflict tracker.
By expressing solidarity with the saudi state, the nigerian state in its pronouncement, has taken sides with the sunni saudi authorities over the shia houthis and their iranian backers. In september 1996 more than 200 people were killed when a gun battle between teenage shia and sunni escalated into a communal war that lasted five days. Only the shia minorities in the arab world supported iran and then by no means unanimously. Syrias civil war, sparked by a popular revolt against. Here is a primer on the basic differences between sunni and shia.
Islam versus islam by shahid javed burki project syndicate. The sunni shia split is rooted in the question of who should succeed the prophet muhammad in leading muslims after his death in 632. The iraniraq war and sectarianism in the middle east. Yemens civil war has been intensified by the two powers backing opposing sides along sunnishiite lines. Timeline of the iraq war 2016 jump to navigation jump to search. Tensions between sunnis and shias, exploited by regional rivals. New groundbreaking documentary explores the truth behind the sunni shia war narrative in the fight against isis.
This has led sunnis to accuse shia of heresy, while shia point out that sunni dogmatism has led to extremist sects such as the puritanical wahhabis. Likewise, sunnis reject shia islams the four books. The conflict has already threatened to undermine the historic usiranian. The sobering thing is that the bible prophesies that a massive unprecedented war will soon begin out of this part of the world. There are total 57 muslim countries in the world of which 54 are sunni wit. This collection seeks to advance our understanding of intraislamic identity conflict during a period of upheaval in the middle east.
Sunnishiite violence flares in mideast in wake of syria. Nigeria as the next theatre of proxy war, by majeed dahiru 2016 1103t10. Sunni shia unity is in principle possible but it is difficult in practice for various reasons. The shiite sunni conflict is the most deadly and unsolvable conflict in the middle east and it is between muslims. Then the shiites had collaborated with the invading mongols to depose the sunni caliphate, as they have today cooperated with the coalition forces to depose saddams sunni dominated regime. Jan 11, 2016 it appears that the middle east could be facing a full war between sunni muslims and shia muslims.
Just as saudi arabia has a sizeable shia minority, iran is home to sunnis. The differences between sunni and shia muslims arose from a disagreement over the succession to muhammad and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well. They were politically marginalized under the saddam hussein regime. Understanding the causes of civil war in iraq and syria. The last caliphate ended with the fall of the ottoman empire after world war i. The dispute intensified greatly after the battle of karbala, in which hussein ibn ali and his household. In ad 680, alis son hussein died during such a revolt. To see more differences in shia and sunni hadith collections, visit this wikipedia category and its subcategories. Iraqs muslims follow two distinct traditions, shia islam majority in south and east iraq and sunni islam majority in north and west iraq. What is the likelihood of an all out war between sunnis and. Ali was assassinated in 661 after a fiveyear caliphate that was marred by civil war. The civil war lasted from 1975 to 1990 and allowed two israeli invasions. Who was involved, and is it really a sunni revolution.
From the conflicts in iraq and syria to the tension between iran and saudi arabia, the struggle between sunni and shia groups for hegemony is. Iraqs sunni minority the day after middle east and. Feb 15, 2007 iraq war deepens sunni shia divide when the united states invaded iraq four years ago, it didnt set out to deepen the sunni shia divide in the islamic world. Aside from terrorism and islamism we have the ongoing and escalating proxy sunni shia war to worry about since we the us. This was not a national war, it was a sectarian war, in which the iraqi shiites larger and silently sided with the sunnis.
The war for islam amid a roiling middle east, iran and saudi arabia are fanning the fires of sectarianism and playing politics in a zerosum proxy war of religious fervor. The kingdom of saudi arabia executed shiite muslim cleric nimr alnimr on saturday. Instead of treating distinctions between and within sunni and shia islam as primordial and immutable, it examines how political economy, geopolitics, domestic governance, social media, non and substate groups, and clerical elites have affected the. But this will not be enough to end yemeni civil conflict. Iraq war deepens sunnishia divide when the united states invaded iraq four years ago, it didnt set out to deepen the sunni shia divide in the islamic world. The history of islam in iraq goes back almost 1,400 years to the lifetime of muhammad died 632. Row breaks out between uk sunni and shia over sheikh nimr al.
Well if such an war start, the results will be in the favor of sunnis because there are only 3 shiite countries in the world. Similarly, iran is afraid of its sunni minority and has been oppressing them. To what degree is the syrian civil war a sunnishia islamic. The fact that the sunni shia divide does not have deep historical roots in yemen does not mean that it cannot provoke further conflict in the future. Sunnis, shiites locked in an endless conflict middle. Apr 14, 2017 the ageold sunni shia war is sucking america in. A middle east sunni and shia war endtime ministries. Evidence grows of assads extermination of arab sunnis in. Sunni, shia conflict rooted in dispute over prophets. Possible war crimes by shia militia human rights watch. World war iii turkey, syria, iraq, and iran vs sunni nations.
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